Temperature Effect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Two creation story Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Two creation story - Essay Example Having perused Genesis 1-2, I accompanied that there are two distinctive creation stories in the book of scriptures. The above table gives us a portion of the thoughts that can obviously give us that there are two distinct stories in regards to creation. On the off chance that you read scriptural stories anticipating that them should let you know precisely what occurred, be set up for a stun as you won’t discover the truth less you delve further in part one of the book of beginning. Individuals are regularly astonished to understand that God is given two unique names in Genesis 1 and 2: God and Lord God. This isn't because of some scheme by those that make an interpretation of the Bible into English. â€Å"God† in the principal story and the â€Å"lord God†, in the second are utilized reliably in Hebrew. The diverse narrators are simply however individuals. Taking a gander at the manner in which these accounts are told, the principal story is somewhat precise. In that account, God talks and something appears or being, God sees that it is acceptable, and there is night and morning separately: the very first moment ( or two, three, e.t.c) I like to picture God in Genesis 1standing offstage with receiver, blasting the lines, â€Å"let there be†¦..† In talking things into being, rather than being directly in our middle, God seems to be to some degree expelled. Scholars portray this portrayal of God as being otherworldly. In the second story of creation as per me, Lord God makes things in a marginally unexpected request in comparison to what we find in Genesis section 1. There are no days that outlined in this record , and God Lord doesn't talk things into being. This record could nearly begin with, â€Å"Once upon a time†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  Here Lord God is by all accounts directly in the center of things,. In any event, utilizing hands yet the inquiry is, â€Å" does God truly and truly have physical

The Benefits of Outsourcing to Managed Services

The Benefits of Outsourcing to Managed Services The current surge of rapid technological advance has left many entities baffled on various fronts in terms of dealing with their infrastructures in an efficient, productive and secure manner.Most simply do not possess enough IT Staff to deal with all the nuisances of the day.And the ones that they do employee are generally not fit to constantly run and fix everything. Usually these people are understaffed, overwhelmed and not trained for their type of infrastructure.After everything has been set up and business starts chugging along, management tends to turn IT in to an after thought. Rarely does everything continue to work as smoothly as when it was first deployed. Vital services start to lag or worse crash.Soon clients start to complain about the lack of that same service and all of this results in loss of productivity, stability or worse, reputation.When dwelling on this issue, several questions tend to pop up:Should we train and/or expand our IT Staff?Is it affordable to regularl y demand fixes from our Local Tech Shop?What does the accumulative impact result to?What can we do to transition from this uncomfortable situation?The answer and ultimate solution to these questions could be: Managed Service ProvidersWHAT ARE MANAGED SERVICES?1. A Brief Overview of Managed ServicesManaged Services simply mean that a third party will give out, well, services in order to help an SMB (Small Midsize Business) for example to keep delivering on a certain quota, usually for a predetermined monthly/annual fee.SMB owners can apply to an MSP (Managed Service Provider) in order to request such an agreement.A Managed Service Provider is the entity which will handle all requested services for the client, of course if previously agreed upon.Although many different fields develop offer Managed Services, we will be focusing on the IT field specifically, where MSPs seem to be the most dominant.2. The History of Managed ServicesBut first, a bit of history on just how Managed Servic es came to be.Way back, when technology started to take over as the new means of service, storage communication, most businesses embraced this sudden opportunity bought various types of IT equipment.The problem?Well the IT Equipment Providers at the time would come and install everything for a one time free and after that these businesses usually did not have trained staff on hand to deal with everyday issues.Most of the time they would call local Repair Centers in order to come and fix whatever was broken. But this reactive nature didn’t prove to be effective since in the meantime, there would be significant amounts of downtime. Time that drove away customers and gave bad reputation.As technology moved on, servicing got more complex since whoever was repairing this equipment was usually not previously familiarized with how everything worked at these companies so they needed good time in order to analyse the situation and provide a solution. As we previously mentioned, this wast es time.There simply had to be a change.Enter Managed Services, or well, the primitive versions of it.IT Centers started offering a more centralized and managed way of delivering solutions to their clients. Usually this involved a more intimate relationship with the clients infrastructure.They introduced monitoring equipment 24/7 Standby Staff, some of which were even deployed as workers at the companies themselves.This turn of events converted that Reactive nature of their services to Proactive.This provided benefits for both sides. The clients felt significantly safer knowing that someone is constantly monitoring their equipment for failure and providing fixes continuously.While the Service Providers at the time gained a more stable client base and regular income.The biggest upside was, downtimes were few and far between, everything was a lot more stable and well, a lot more “Managed”.In order to conclude such an agreement, they used SLAs or (Service-Level Agreements)An SLA i n short is a sort of contract between the service provider and their clients. They define what the client requires and in what quantities.Basically this is the part where all the given resources are discussed in detail.This provided mutual, both high and low level understanding of all the services that would be provided to the client.3. Different Industries That Provide Managed ServicesPreviously we mentioned that there are different fields where Managed Services are provided.The following are some of them:Work Force ManagementExternal HR (Human Resources)Finance ManagementCompliance Management (Both IT Legal)This should give you an idea that Managed Services are very much active in most fields and are a beneficial and often necessary piece of a much larger puzzle.DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MANAGEMENT SIMPLE OUTSOURCINGManaged Services sounds like puffed up jargon for simple Outsourcing and although the differences can be very subtle to detect sometimes, they are usually used interchangea bly.But that does not mean they are the same.The main difference falls in the model involvement of the services they offer.A simple outsourcing from a third party company could give you a temporary fix or even certain maintainability. But here, you are more or less asking for a very specific new part/service to be introduced to your infrastructure for a specific time-frame, no more no less.Managed Services tend to integrate themselves a lot more than simple outsourcing.Most of the time they become extensions of the clients infrastructure and start worrying on how to improve the work flow a lot more thoroughly and introduce new measures that are not always discussed with the client.Basically the client here works on trust that the MSP will provide all the best and most necessary solutions possible.This excludes the client from having to make tough calls all the time, especially if they are not familiar with the field.Most importantly Managed Service Providers are going to share your goals and ideals, since the better you perform the more they sustain their clientele reputation in the long run.Directly pinpointing where the difference start can be rather evasive, but the discrepancy between their work models looks to be the main separation between the two.THE PROS CONS OF MANAGED SERVICESWhen it comes to solutions, no matter how good something may seem to be, it is rarely the silver bullet for all of your problems.In this case, Managed Services can provide a plethora of benefits to their customers, but it is our duty to stop and think about the drawbacks of such an engagement as well.1. ProsExpertiseOf course, the first thing that comes to mind when we discuss Managed Services is the acquiring of their expertise. Most Managed Service Providers have all sorts of experts on standby since their industry is a very dynamic one and are faced with a vast amounts of issues daily. Thus their employees need to be prepared to provide solutions, constantly. This means th at Clients can spend more time focusing on their products instead of worrying who to call.Maintenance SupportUsually Managed Service Providers implement monitor the infrastructure 24/7 and even have support on standby. Having your infrastructure maintained like this and being provided with an on-call expert for any issue means that the client will benefit greatly in terms of stability. Not having to deal with constant breakdowns can be an uplifting experience, especially in a very competitive environment.Best PracticesThere is a big difference in QOS (Quality of Service) between providers. Some are basic while some are thorough. Choosing the right Managed Service Provider can land you an experienced team that is capable of providing not only the service they have been asked for but also the security that comes along with it. By doing everything by current standard Best Practices, MSPs assure the client that their infrastructure is up to standard and ready for most nuisances.Compli anceBeing up to par with Best Practices can provide a good platform for the client to pass any audit regarding their industry. It is the difference between becoming compliant in 1 or 6 months. If you are being held on best practice standards constantly, getting to a compliant level should be easy, in theory.Decision Making StrategySince most MSPs are experts in what they do, as such they can provide better daily Decision Making Strategies than what their clients could. This in turn results in a far more constructive environment that could benefit their clients greatly.PricingMost of the time, developing, buying or maintaining solutions on your own can become cumbersome over a good period of time. This means that you have to worry about multiple costs coming from all sides on matters that your team might not really be that knowledgeable about.This in turn means training, simple outsourcing, equipment maintenance etc. A Managed Service Provider will probably handle most things for a fixed monthly/annual price. Clients taking this endeavour on their own can find themselves paying a lot more than what they would usually do when collaborating with an MSP.2. ConsReliabilityToday, Managed Service Providers are wide spread, especially in the IT Industry. As such there are plenty to choose from. This in turn gives some bad apples as well. There are a lot of them that simply do not provide the high-grade services they advertise to do.False advertising is the biggest issue here. Also expertise in the IT field is very debatable.Some think 2-3 Years of working experience is expert level while others believe 10+ might be something among those lines. It can get very confusing as to what you are getting as these key words can mean anything in the eyes of the provider.Expanding ServicesMSPs can become quite rigid after a good amount of time providing services to a client. This is due to what is called a safe-zone.Once they get the client up and running it is might be hard to introduce new trending ideas since that would mean a lot more work in fields they are not particularly knowledgeable about.Some Managed Service Providers take this as a challenge and involve it if they see a clear benefit for the client, some don’t. It can be very problematic if the provider you choose refuses to expand from what they have been used to doing all this time.PricingIn some cases, the client would not have a big enough infrastructure or budged that can demand a full blown Managed Service Providers. It is always best to make decisions in a more realistic manner, since MSPs can definitely get quite expensive.AuthoritativeDuring the course of your venture with a Managed Service Provider they can tend to get very authoritative on their decision making and exclude you from vital discussions.On one hand it is understandable that they would know more on how to conduct themselves in their own field, but this can get overwhelming when they start to take matters in to their ow n hands completely. The clients should always be careful in what their agreement states and how involved they should be.WHAT TO CONSIDER BEFORE APPLYING FOR MANAGED SERVICES?As with any service or product you buy, first a good amount of consideration needs to take place. Applying for Managed Services is no exception.One of the most common mistakes small business do is engage with MSPs that are not well established. While reputation is by no means the measure of quality, having a solid understanding of who you are dealing with and being bolstered by the fact that they have been around can ease the trust between the two. Remember, you are providing access to your infrastructure, this requires some research in order to stay safe.The next thing to consider would be your needs:What do we need to improve?What do we lack?How urgent are our needs?On what scale should the MSP work?There is definitely a lot of material to consider before producing an offer.If you are not aware of your current infrastructure and which segments actually need improvement and by what measure, you are doing to have a hard time determining everything else.Urgency is another matter. Usually when talking to a Managed Service Provider you will need to state a time frame which will reflect heavily on the pricing and availability. Talking these matters through with your IT Staff or hiring an IT consultant would be a good move before continuing.The main problem usually lies with the budget and how much you want to spend on your IT Sector.Truth be told, today technology is such an integral part of our business that it is impossible to divide it as simply as that. It more often than not, demands a higher budgetary cut in order to have everything working as smooth as possible. This in turn provides you with less headaches and more focus on your primary role.By having a solid grasp on your needs you ensure that you are ready for that MSP interview and know exactly what you need and how much you need it .CHECKLIST: FIND OUT IF YOUR BUSINESS ACTUALLY NEED MANAGED SERVICESIn order to get a good sense of your actual need for Managed Services, we have developed a quick checklist for you:Do you have infrastructural issues at the moment?Are these issues occurring more often than not?Do you have IT Staff capable of dealing with your type of issues?Do these issues get in between you and your clients?How often are you bringing outside help?Do they generally cost more than what a normal MSP quote would be?Do you have time to focus on the IT aspect of your company as well?How much of your budged would you separate for IT Spending?Does the nature of your work allow you to let other entities in at all?Do you work well with others when it comes to your own assets?As a simple checklist/questionnaire this will serve you well for any upcoming decision making.Let’s break everything down for a moment.If you are facing infrastructural issues and they are occurring a lot more than you have anticipate d they would, it may be a good indicator that you need help.Continuing from this, if your IT Staff are dealing with these issues without any significant problems, then it’s probably fine. But if you do not possess an IT Staff or whoever is under your employment can not deal with the type of infrastructure that you own, then you might want to look for help from third parties.If these issues have been getting in the way between you and your clients recently, that is one of the highest indicators that you need to consult with outside parties as well.If you are getting help from third parties, calculate exactly how often and how much spend. Afterwards you can get a quote from MSP representatives and see if it is lower or higher than what you are paying right now.Sometimes you also may simply not have enough time to focus on these types of issues if the industry your company is in is far more demanding. Getting help here would be a good choice, of course if you can spare a part of your budget for IT Related issues.But most importantly of all is the contractual obligations you hold. If for some reason the work your company does is strictly prohibited to third parties, it’s best left to discuss alternatives. Although some MSPs are known to have high clearance in both the IT industry and probably in your region. You can always consult professionals on this matter.After considering the previous checklist/questionnaire you can get a good idea if you need to work with Managed Service Providers and more importantly if you are ready for such an undertaking. It requires a good reason, a decent budget and willingness to adopt this different way of operation between you and the provider. Generally it comes down to what you lose in comparison to what you gain.QUESTIONNAIRE: WHAT TO ASK THE MANAGED SERVICE PROVIDER?The focus shouldn’t always be on you only, being prepared to ask the right questions will help you gauge if the MSP is serious and more importantly if they can provide exactly what you want.Here the keyword is “exactly” because for this you will be paying a good sum of money and you want to make sure that your needs will be thoroughly met.In order to get get a good grasp on what you need to ask, we have developed a quick questionnaire for you:What can you do that will enable us to be more productive?How exactly will you fix our issues? E.g What methods will you use?Are you okay with consulting with us first for every major change?How do your services pay off for us in the long term?Would you be able to integrate with us on a more private level?Do you have 24/7 Support?What can you do to prevent major business disruptions?With what major vendors do you work with that can enable us further?Tell us some of your previous success stories.Having questions such as these will help you be prepared for that MSP interview. By knowing what to ask and when to ask it, you prove that you are ready and serious about this undertaking.CONCLUSIONManaged Services can be a vital part of your next endeavor.Whether it provides you with much needed stability or you simply want someone else to deal with that part of your business, the choice is yours.Just before making any decisions, be sure to have a good understanding of all the implications beforehand as it may save you both time and money.Overall, Managed Services are a good way to let third party experts deal with what you previously couldn’t. And if this is integrated correctly in to your grand plan, it will give you higher productivity and safety rates than ever before.AbbreviationAbbreviation:Description:MSPManaged Service ProviderSMBSmall Midsize BusinessSLAService-Level AgreementsHRHuman ResourcesQOSQuality Of Service

William Shakespeare s Hamlet Essay - 1162 Words

â€Å"To be or not to be† (3.1.64)—not whether to live or to die, but the use of â€Å"to be† is an important question. Shakespeare uses the simple infinitive of â€Å"to be†, in the opening of the most famous soliloquy in Hamlet, or perhaps all of Shakespeare, as opposed to the more complex phrase, â€Å"to live or to die†. Before Hamlet, the speaker of this soliloquy, analyzes all of mankind’s reasoning behind the subject of life, something both painful and long, and death, something both inevitable and muddied in mystery, he uses the simplest and shortest of infinitives. Seemingly, a simple phrase cannot give justice to some of the more complex and mysterious questions human nature asks; finding answers to why humans suffer through life when they†¦show more content†¦People lose loved ones and are forced to endure sickness and poverty, which are much more prevalent problems in life, yet Hamlet says that life is painful due to the abuses of superiors, to the insults of the arrogant, and to the pains of a once-sided love. However, when Hamlet lists his problems, he is not referencing man’s universal pains but the pains he feels himself from King Claudius killing his father and verbally abusing Hamlet and the unrequited love he experiences from a girl named Ophelia. In this instance, and in every other instance within the play, Hamlet isn’t directly acknowledging the depression he faces, as he only hints at his sorrows, something also seen throughout the play when he pretends that his madness is part of his act of revenge on King Claudius. So, when Hamlet states that is ridiculous how people to live a life full of â€Å"slings and arrows† (3.1.64) and when one could simply â€Å"take arms against a sea of troubles† and die (3.1.67), he is, in actuality contemplating suicide, as he had referenced the troubles he, himself, faces, making his musings personal, without knowing it. Because of the fact that Hamlet never validates his emotions outright, it causes him to have unanswered questions about his feelings, and, as a result, it leads to the

Higher Education At The Liberal Arts - 1639 Words

All types of education, whether technical or liberal, possess their own inherent merit. The distinction between the two lies in the spectrum of a particular study’s application. A higher education in any study should be encouraged because more knowledgeable individuals benefit both society and themselves through the continuation of their education. The value of one type of education does not negate the value of another. In today’s society technical studies, that is studies with a direct application in the workforce, are more widely encouraged due to the practical merit of the study. It is true that technical studies are valuable, but their value does not negate the immense value of liberal studies because of it lack of a single application. Therefore, the conjunction of both liberal and technical classes in college provides the greatest amount of benefit. Specifically, higher education in the liberal arts is the most valuable for it allowance of a broader application in every field of study and also the larger social realm because of the critical skills it helps students to develop. Firstly, society should view higher education as much more than the path to obtaining a degree. The real merit of higher education lies not in the practical use of a degree to obtain a job, but simply in the acquisition of more knowledge. On a basic level, attending a university gives young minds a space in which to study their chosen field. The Chinese philosopher Hsun Tzu argued thatShow MoreRelatedThe Benefits of a Liberal Arts College904 Words   |  4 Pageshigh school senior the question, do you want to receive a higher education, the answer in more recent times has become yes. Why? Because more often times than not higher education to a high school senior means a chance at success. But choosing the right college depends on how one defines this term. The textbook definition of success is the accomplishment of an aim or purpose. So then the question becomes, what is the purpose of higher education? Is it to prepare us for one specific career? Or is itRead MoreLiberal Arts Mispe rceptions1026 Words   |  4 PagesWhy are many young Americans so uncomfortable with liberal arts? And why are countless high school graduates shying away from this particular form of education? Just like anything else that is popular, once liberal arts has been accurately, or inaccurately, discredited, the aftermath inevitably spreads. As more information is being mistakenly spread, numerous liberal arts colleges are taking the fall. To combat the onslaught of negative publicity, university officers are beginning to speak outRead MoreAnalysis Of Sanford J. Ungar s The New Liberal Arts 978 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The New Liberal Arts† by Sanford J. Ungar is an essay that talks about the benefits and misconeptions of receiving a liberal arts with Ungar on the benefits of students receiving a liberal arts education, but way the current education system is a liberal arts education isn’t the best financial choice to receive is a degree. education. Ungar was the president of a liberal arts education and the essay uses Ungars knowledge of liberal arts education to counteract arguments against students receivingRead MoreThe Art Of Liberal Arts930 Words   |  4 PagesThe Art of Liberal Arts â€Å"I can’t go to a liberal-arts college. My parents are conservatives!† I told my eighth grade teacher. He laughed and then went on to explain what a liberal-arts college actually is. Like many others, I believed a common misperception about the liberal-arts. In â€Å"The New Liberal Arts† by Sanford J. Ungar, the writer explains wrong ideas about the liberal-arts to a college-based audience including students, professors, and administration. He explains the importance and relevanceRead MoreQuestions On Liberal Arts Education982 Words   |  4 Pagesto take part in a college or university education usually decides what degree he/she wants to pursue before high school graduation; in some cases a liberal-arts degree is chosen. Misconceptions and critical opinions lead many to not take an interest in a liberal-arts education. In the article, â€Å"7 Major Misperceptions About the Liberal Arts†, Sanford J Ungar states that, We cannot assign different socio economic groups to different levels or types of education† (pp.2). I agree, but I also believe thatRead MoreWhere do the Modern-Day Liberal Arts Originate?842 Words   |  3 PagesThe question is often asked: where do the modern day â€Å"liberal arts† come from? The liberal arts system originates in the philosophy of ancient Greece, and was born in from certain questions queried by the unique philosophy evolved in Grecian culture. Questions of the human soul were raised: What is the good life? Is ethical truth relative to the culture from which it comes? Do people have free will? What is it for one event to cause another? Why are liberty and democracy important? What constitutesRead MoreEducation And Its Influence On American Education1254 Words   |  6 PagesGraduate Education today shows traces of its European ancestors. The influences range from Greece, Egypt, Italy, Spain, and many others. American education has evolved and manifested throughout the thousands o f years of its existence. We can directly trace the roots back to our European ancestors, with the education that exists today in America. Higher education’s journey began in Greece in 387 BC by Plato. The only thing offered at this first educational establishment was an advanced study in philosophyRead MoreEssay on General Education1017 Words   |  5 PagesGeneral Education Except for a brief contraction in the early 1990s, the higher education system in the United States has been growing steadily since the late 1970s. Roughly half of all Americans now have attended college at some point in their lives, and roughly a quarter hold a postsecondary degree.(In the United Kingdom, by contrast, less than 15 percent of the population goes to university.) There are 14.5 million students in American colleges and universities today. In 1975 there wereRead MoreWhy Liberal Arts Education Matter?1351 Words   |  6 PagesWhy Liberal Arts Education Matter? There is a phenomenon that the number of liberal arts college is declining, which means we are losing liberal arts education. Recently, more and more students focus on scores and getting a degree instead of improving themselves comprehensiveness. Many students think the college degree is more important than knowledge and skills, that’s why they ignore the study of liberal arts. Like Tony Woodcock (2015) said: â€Å"the Liberal Arts are considered an irrelevance†Read MoreEssay on The New Liberal Arts1637 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish 101 â€Å"The New Liberal Arts† is an article written by Sanford J. Ungar, who is a president of Goucher College in Baltimore, Maryland. In the beginning of his article, Ungar wrote, â€Å"Hard economic times inevitably bring scrutiny of all accepted ideals and institutions, and this time around the liberal arts education has been especially hard hit.† In other words, Ungar means that recent economic recessions have made a huge impact on what people think of going for a liberal arts degree. In his essay

The Weather Underground Review Free Essays

The Weather Underground Review During the Vietnam War, a radical protest group rose up on the campus of the University of Michigan. Weathermen, as they became called in everyday vernacular, were actually nothing like weathermen at all – they protested, rioted, bombed, and broke people out of jail, to mention a few of their actions. The name was formally changed to Weather Underground Organization a year after the founding, and their acts of terror followed shortly after. We will write a custom essay sample on The Weather Underground Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now Earlier in the semester, a documentary about the Environmental Liberation Front was viewed. In this documentary, titled If a Tree Falls, a radical protest organization rises up to confront environmental issues. In this essay I will compare and contrast the two. The Weather underground Organization was formed in order to protest the United State Government’s intervention in Vietnam, although it expanded to an array of other issues as time passed. The Civil Rights Movement became another catalyst for protest, as the notion of â€Å"black power† was not something very appealing to the members. Bill Areas, a prominent leader of the group, owned because he was upset with the war in Vietnam and wanted to do something about it. The group was nonviolent towards people and to this day says that they never killed an innocent person. Three of their members died when a bomb they were making exploded, but that was all. They bombed mostly government buildings and some banks, with notable attacks being done on the United States Capitol building, The Pentagon, and the New York Police Department. These attacks were all done to send a message of fear to the people in power in an effort to make them change their ways. To justify the actions of the group, Bill Areas was quoted saying, â€Å"Large numbers of people are broken from the notion that the system is working for people, that the system is just or humane or peaceful. † The United States government reaching peace with Vietnam toward the middle of the sass was the reason for the organization going out of style, as they had no Issue left to protest. The Environmental Liberation Front was formed after a group of people became upset with how government policies were favorable for businesses looking to expand and remove forestry. Within the group, which only served o protest, there was a small cell that turned to arson in order to perpetuate their views. The leader, Daniel McGowan, organized various attacks on businesses and corporations that were cutting down trees. One of the better- known attacks was at a Colorado ski resort that resulted in hundreds Of thousands of dollars in destruction. The group was also nonviolent toward people, having never claimed a life. The Environmental Liberation Front leaders that were purporting the violent attacks were captured and arrested by United States Federal officials and tried in court in the last couple of years. Both of these organizations have many things in common; beginning with them being categorized as terrorist organizations. The terrorist organizations were founded in response to a public issue that they felt was not receiving enough attention and quickly turned to violence to get their message sent to the people in power. Both Bill Areas and Daniel McGowan were strong leaders with a substantial following of people, too. The attacks carried out by the organizations were also very meticulously planned out as to not kill any civilians, which would have seen the reaction from the government and police be much more significant. Their targets were similar then, in that regard, as it was entirely buildings that were bombed. The Weather Underground Organization’s reason for formation and action was due to the Vietnam War, which they strongly opposed. The reason that the Environmental Liberation Front’s formation was entirely different; it was completely related to the destruction Of trees by businesses. Therefore, their targets differed in scope. The Weather underground Organization almost exclusively bombed government buildings, with some banks added in. To the contrary, The Environmental Liberation Front targeted businesses that cutting own forests for their personal benefit. The organizations both differed in how they faded out. The end of the Vietnam War saw the Weather underground Organization lose it’s relevance while the arrests of leaders in the Environmental Liberation Front caused it to cease its violent attacks. The class defines a terrorist act as something that has political motives, involves violence or the threat of violence against noncombatants, intends to have far-reaching psychological repercussions, and is perpetrated by people who believe they are altruists. The Weather Underground Organization had al the makings of a terrorist organization based on this four-part definition. The motives of the group were entirely political; it was created in response to the United States Government authorizing involvement in the Vietnam War and also grew in scope during the Civil Rights Movement. Without the political catalysts to get the organization started, it would not have been formed in the first place. Violence was found throughout the organization, as their attacks involved bombs on buildings, as well as freeing a person from prison. The threat of violence continued in the wake of attacks, as people ere constantly worried that their building was next. Moreover, the victims were noncombatants, as they were simply working for the government. The psychological repercussions were intended to be far reaching -? to the executive branch of the United States Government. They intended to influence the government at all levels to change their ways. Finally, the perpetrators were acting as if they were altruists. Clearly they felt that the Vietnam War was wrong and that, by their actions, they were going to make things right. During the Vietnam War, a radical protest group rose up on the amass of the University of Michigan. How to cite The Weather Underground Review, Papers

Momentum Essays - Mechanics, Classical Mechanics, Collision

Momentum Conservation of Momentum Kristin Favreau October 26, 1999 Purpose: To show that momentum is conserved in a closed system by illustrating the conservation of momentum in an elastic collision and an inelastic collision. Method: If momentum is conserved in a closed system, the total momentum of the system before collision should equal the total momentum of the system after the collision. Strobe photos will be used in the calculations that will prove that momentum is conserved. 1.) Elastic collision: A strobe photo will be used that shows a large glider smashing into a smaller glider which is initially at rest. This will cause the smaller glider to move and the large glider will continue to move also. 2.) Inelastic collision: A strobe photo will be used that shows a glider smashing into another glider which is initially at rest. When they collide the two gliders will stick together and will move. -The masses, distances and times will be measured in order to calculate the momentums of the systems before and after collision occurs. Data: V = d/t P = m x v 1.) Elastic collision: When Mass Distance Time Velocity Momentum Glider A Before Collision .31215 kg .009m .6s .015 m/s .00468 Kg m/s Glider B Before Collision .15580 kg ? ? 0 m/s 0 Kg m/s Glider A After Collision .31215 kg .005m 1.0s .005 m/s .00156 Kg m/s Glider B After Collision .15580 kg .011m .6s .018 m/s .00280 Kg m/s 2.) Inelastic collision: When Mass Distance Time Velocity Momentum Glider C Before Collision .3105 kg .016m 1.0s .016 m/s .004968 Kg m/s Glider D Before Collision .3000 kg ? ? 0 m/s 0 Kg m/s Gliders C+D After Collision .6105 kg .015m 2.0s .008 m/s .004884 Kg m/s Calculations: 1.) Elastic collision: Before After Glider A .00468 Kg m/s .00156 Kg m/s Glider B + 0 Kg m/s +.00280 Kg m/s .00468 Kg m/s .00436 Kg m/s 2.) Inelastic collision: Total momentum before = Total momentum after mv + mv = (m + m ) v (.3105kg x .016 m/s) + 0 = (.3105 kg + .3000 kg) x .008 m/s .0050 Kg m/s = .0049 Kg m/s Conclusion: Through experiments with strobe photos involving elastic and inelastic collisions, I was able to show that momentum is contained within a closed system. My efficiency for the elastic collision was 3.54% and my efficiency for the inelastic collision was 1.01 %. Less than 10 % of the momentum was lost in either collision indicating a good experiment. The lost momentum can be attributed to the transfer from mechanical energy to thermal energy. Sources of Error: 1.) The distances measured in the two strobe photos were estimated. 2.) The measurement of time was an average. % error = difference x 100 sum of all 1.) % error = .00032 x 100 = 3.54 % error .00904 2.) % error = .0001 x 100 = 1.01 % error .0099

The Southern Defeat essays

The Southern Defeat essays It is often said that the south couldnt have won the civil war, well this essay is going to reflect the various ways in which the Southern states attempted to fight a losing battle from the beginning. The economic dependency of the South on cotton on slavery was well known, whereas the North had companies and technology. The advantage also lay with the North because of reasons such as better communication and transportation, and even more soldiers. The leadership in the North under Abraham Lincoln was more orginized than the that under Jefferson Davis. In the 1850's the North was more urban with a higher population due to all the Irish and German immigrants. By1860, almost all of the biggest cities were in the North. The North also had almost 3/4 of the railroads, and more telegraph lines to send messages instantly. The North had a lot more industry also, with its factories the north was able to mass produce guns, where as the plantations in the south were making.. cotton? well who do you think will win the war! (Source 1) The South had more slaves and more cotton. This was not any sort of military advantage as I said, and it just proved to the North how reliant the south was on them. The first attack at Fort Sumter was poorly organized and was expected by the North. Lincoln had wanted to attack, but kept the troops in moderation there so they didn't waste their men. This worked well because it worked out as he wanted and their were less casualties than their would have been if he had more of his men go. Once the war began, the military expertise of Ulysses S. Grant for the North made it an uphill battle for the South. His military skill alone was enough to give Robert E. Lee's forces in the South serious problem, but the Union army also greatly outnumbered the South's troops. Though Lee would prove to be a worthy general, his strategic downfall at Gettysburg would begin the destine loss for the South. (Source...

Slang, Jargon, Idiom or Proverb Explained

Slang, Jargon, Idiom or Proverb Explained Slang, jargon, idioms, and proverbs. What do they mean? Heres a short overview for English learners that explains and gives examples of each type of expression. Slang Slang is used by relatively small groups of people in informal situations. As it is used by limited groups of people, slang also tends to be confused with dialect. However, slang can be referred to as words, phrases or expressions used within a language, in this case, English. Also, slang is used by some to indicate words, phrases or expressions used by various ethnic or class groups. It should not be used in written work unless that work includes quotes that contain slang. This category of vocabulary changes rather quickly and expressions that are in one year, may be out the next.   Slang Examples emo - very emotional. Dont be so emo. Your boyfriend will be back next week. frenemy - someone you think is your friend, but you know is really your enemy. Has your frenemy got you worried? groovy - very nice in a mellow sort of way (this is old slang from the 60s). Groovy, man. Feel the good vibrations. (Note: slang goes out of fashion quickly, so these examples might not be current.) Recommendation You can use the urban dictionary for definitions of slang. If a phrase is a slang, youll find it there. Jargon Jargon could be explained as slang for business or enthusiasts. Jargon can be defined as words, phrases, or expressions that mean something specific in a particular profession. For example, there is a lot of jargon associated with the internet.  It can also refer to specific words used in a sport, hobby or other activity. Jargon is known and used by those who are on the inside of a business or of some activity.   Jargon Examples cookies - used by programmers to track information on a users computer that has accessed the internet. We set a cookie when you first access our site. birdie - used by golfers to state that the golf ball was put into the hole with one less golf stroke than expected on a hole. Tim got two birdies on the back nine at the golf course. chest voice - used by singers to indicate a style of singing that has chest resonance. Dont push so hard with your chest voice. Youll hurt your voice! Idiom Idioms are words, phrases, or expressions that do not literally mean what they express. In other words, if you were to translate an idiom word for word in your own language, it most likely would not make any sense at all. Idioms are different than slang as they are used and understood by almost everyone. Slang and jargon are understood and used by a smaller group of people. There is a wide variety of idiom sources on this site for English learners.   Idioms Examples rain cats and dogs - rain very heavily. Its raining cats and dogs tonight. pick a language up - learn a language by living in a country. Kevin picked up a little Italian when he lived in Rome. break a leg - do well at a performance or presentation. Break a leg on your presentation John. Proverb Proverbs are short sentences known by quite a large part of any language speaking population. They tend to be old, give advice, and be very insightful. Many proverbs are taken from literature, or from other very old sources. However, they are used so often that the speaker does not realize who originally said or wrote the proverb. Example Proverbs The early bird gets the worm - start working early and you will be successful. I get up at five and do two hours of work before I go to the office. The early bird gets the worm! When in Rome, do as the Romans - when you are in a foreign culture, you should act like the people in that culture. Im wearing shorts to work here in Bermuda! When in Rome, do as the Romans. You cant always get what you want - This proverb means what it says, you cant always get what you want. The Rolling Stones knew how to put that to music! Stop complaining. You cant always get what you want. Learn to live with that truth!

Marketing in the digital age-Kodak Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing in the digital age-Kodak - Essay Example It was only in the year 1892 that the company was renamed as Eastman Kodak Company of New York, only to be formed again under the New Jersey law as Eastman Kodak Company of New Jersey. Kodak expanded its operation and grew gradually by its low cost mass production concept, international distribution, extensive advertising and customer centric business policy. The initial years of the company was dedicated to the production and supply of low cost photography tools and make it available to the common people. It was not long before the company understood the true potential of the world market. Based on this fact the company expanded its operation to rest of USA, only to be followed by marketing in France, Germany, Italy and other European countries. As of today, Kodak has expanded its manufacturing operations in South America, Europe and Asia. Kodak has great exposure and popularity in the motion picture industry as well. Most of the movies are shot in Kodak film and the company has received 8 Academy Awards for scientific and technical excellence. Over the years especially in the early 1900s Kodak made lot of technical advancement in the world of photography. Kodak Developing Machine was introduced, which helped in processing films without a dark room. It also introduced the Non-Curling film, which has dominated the world of amateur photography for more than 30 years. Aerial cameras were developed by Kodak, which was extensively used during the World War 1. Along with the technical development the company was also doing well financially, with its worldwide employment crossing the figure of 20,000. The thirst for development in the field of photography and its accessories was never ending for Kodak. The company went on introducing new technology and products both for the consumers, the motion picture industry and for business use. It was in

War of 1812 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

War of 1812 - Essay Example Similar to the War of Independence (1775-1783), the war of 1812 was a result of conflicts between the Great Britain and the USA over spheres of influence and power on the American continent. During the War of Independence, the Thirteen colonies overthrew the British rules and established a new state governed by the American people. During the revolutionary years, the Declaration of Independence was promulgated (1776). Nations desiring to achieve these beneficial ends will agree, therefore, that no part of the American union ought ever to be subjected again to foreign rule2. The American Revolution and the war of 1812 changed international relations and opened new opportunities for international trade. The American government received a chance to trade with the rest of the world and supply cotton, tea and other goods to the Old world. Spain did not fear the rising power of the independent United States as it had when the colonies were an extension of British imperial power3. Both wars had similar battles and military strategies applied by the US Army leaders. The main military confrontations took place in Quebec, Massachusetts, Great Lacks and New York. The result of the wars was that fforeign trade improved economic conditions of the United states and increased the state budget.

Indecision, Hesitation and Delay in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay

Hesitation in Hamlet   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   William Shakespeare's Hamlet is tragic because all of the enmity being the product of one man's inability to make decisions. I believe the play is showing the steps of hesitation a person goes through who cannot choose, and the resultant angst. This one man is Prince Hamlet. Throughout the play he comes into situations where he just can't move himself into action. In Act I, Scene 5 Hamlet has an encounter with a ghost who explains that it is Hamlet's deceased father. After a little while of talking the ghost tells Hamlet that he did not die of natural causes, but was in fact murdered. When the ghost says this Hamlet replies with: "Haste me to know't, that I, with wings as swift As meditation or the thoughts of love May sweep to my revenge." (Lines 29-31) Hamlet is swearing to avenge his father's death as fast as possible. The ghost then tells Hamlet that the villain who committed the murder was the King's own brother Claudius. This surprises Hamlet, but he knows he made a vow and he must stick to it, he then says: "So, uncle, there you are. Now to my word: It is, Adieu, adieu, remember me. I have sworn't." (I.V. Lines 110-111) After the scene with the ghost the reader would most likely believe that an enraged Hamlet gone straight to Claudius' room to kill him. This is the first incident when Hamlet is observed being incapable of making decisions. In Act II, Scene 2, two scenes after Hamlet was about to kill the king, he still hasn't done it, but during this scene Hamlet comes in contact with a group of traveling actors and asks them to play for the king. Hamlet tells us in this next quote of his tragic flaw of indecision and of his plan ... ...gh out the play tearing at his soul. So in the end it was Hamlet's inability to act that kills him and many others. Works Cited and Consulted: Bloom, Harold. Modern Critical Interpretations Of Hamlet. New York, NY: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. Boklund, Gunnar. "Hamlet." Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. Gerald Chapman. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965. Epstein, Norrie. "One of Destiny's Casualties." Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. of The Friendly Shakespeare: A Thoroughly Painless to the Best of the Bard. New York: Viking Penguin, 1993. p. 332-34. Jorgensen, Paul A. "Hamlet." William Shakespeare: the Tragedies. Boston: Twayne Publ., 1985. N. pag. http://www.freehomepages.com/hamlet/other/jorg-hamlet.html Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. T. J. B. Spencer. New York: Penguin, 1996.

The Islamism: Origin, Ideology, Aims & Objectives

Nations around the world follows different ideologies to generate a direction for themselves. An ideology is a way of thinking, a set of beliefs, aims and ideas. It sets the vision for the group attached to it. Its purpose is to bring a specific change or carry out a certain task among its followers in accordance with a thorough thought process. When ideologies differ it gets difficult for the people belonging to a certain group to stay coherent. Ideological differences have triggered such events that were found to be powerful enough that they have shrugged the atlas several times. Wars had been fought by those who reject leading their life in the ways that conflicts with their own ideological beliefs. Islamic Ideology Islam is a religion of having faith in the oneness of God, finality of Prophet-hood, following the code of conduct according to the principles mentioned in the Holy Book and practicing the preaching of Holy Prophet. Islam emphasizes on building individual characters in an exemplary way so that a foundation of an ideal society could be laid. All Muslims have been ordered by their God Almighty to follow instructions prescribed in their Holy Book Quran, the purpose of this guidance is to lay down a way of life in which the laws mentioned in the book regulates a men’s relationship with other men and with his God. It provides a guideline for a man to maintain his social life along with his communion with the God. It indicates to a Muslim in his quest for knowledge, principle that enhances his capability to observe universe and nature with more understanding. Quran is not a book of science; it’s basically a book that deals with the basic principles of human life it preaches belief in oneness, immateriality, absolute power of the creator, charity for needy, brotherhood among mankind, subjugation of passions, the concept of accountability of human actions in the life after death, a system that teaches men to be grateful to all those who help and development of a sense of social consciousness by carefully performing those actions that are sensible and right and avoiding those that are forbidden and harmful for self and others. Islamism Islam provides Muslims a code of conduct that has been written in the Holy Book. Muslims are supposed to understand and follow it and when it comes to understanding there are different possible interpretations of the same text. Islamism is not a single concept rather it’s a product of different ideologies that exists within the umbrella of Islam. Islam is a religion that provides guideline for the Muslims around the world. Islamism has ideological conflicts. In general all these ideological groups call them Islamists, a group of people that completely rejects accepting secular governments and institutions and aim to align the entire world and its establishments in accordance to Sharia, the Muslim Law. One single society could have several directions of Islamism contributing to the fact that it’s been initiated by different groups trying to enforce their own ideologies and they seemed to never cooperate. Islamism expects its followers to align his life in complete adherence to the sacred law of Islam and completely rejects any foreign influences that may try to force any law or code of conduct that contradicts what is being mentioned in Islamic law. Islamism has in its root anger for non-Muslims and it condemn west to greatest extent. What it aims is to convert a religion into a kind of ideology. Origin of Islamism A little more than just 200 years before Muslim world was considered the hub of science and literature. Muslim scholars have laid such foundations that were later used by European researches to build extremely beneficial artifacts that have amazed the world. During the prime era of Muslims, there were mathematicians, doctors, scientists, philosophers, researchers and artists that people from around the globe used to come and learn from them. The theories presented by Muslim scholars are the basis of most of the modern scientific inventions and innovations. The downfall arose when the Muslim world interacted with the Europeans; its dated around 200 years back in 1798 when Napoleon landed in Egypt and the Muslim worlds came in contact with the Europe. From here came the influence and impact of European culture and civilization on the Muslims. The two nations are not incompatible but the ideological differences became evident when conflicts triggered events that lead to development of anger and hostile feelings among contradicting nations. According to Daniel Pipes: This confrontation was clearly shown in the aftermath of the fatwa by Ayatollah Khomeini against Salman Rushdie. Contrary to popular expectation, the lines in 1989 were drawn not between Muslim and Westerners, but between those who supported the ayatollah, or in some fashion sympathized with him, and those who were against him. One found many Muslims and Westerners on both sides. This illustrates how it is ideas that count, not religion. (Distinguishing between Islam & Islamism, 1998) The origination of Islamism is neither a single event nor responsibility of a particular person. It is the fundamentalist Islamic approach carried forward by those Islamic radicals that completely rejects the western culture and way of thinking. Series of events in history builds such anger among the Muslims that were once the most successful nation on the map of earth that they started to rebel and participate in destructive activities so that world could again come in their control, this time if not by education or technology then by force and devastation. Aims and Objectives There can’t by another explanation of Islamism but just that it’s like the other utopian schemes that have been proposed and adopted world wide and provides its followers ways and guidelines to control a state, take measures that help running a society and extend philosophies in order to re-make human beings inhabiting that state. The concept has been given an Islamic touch but over all it’s a totalitarian scheme. It embodied a complete transformation of the actual traditional Islam. It has an element of modernization, for instance it deals with issues related with a modern society, address problems arises in urban living and modern day women issues, and it provides guidance for the non-traditional problems faced by my occupations. It completely ignores Islamic principle of restricting laws and regulations to the individual and society rather it tries to inject geographically restricted rules in its effort to come at par with western style geographic law. It’s not a system that has evolved as result of poverty and money. It’s a reaction to modernization by those thinkers that try to find their own ways out in changing world environment and politics. Many educated people are Islamists and running their states according to their own ideology. Islamism has been evolved lately as a huge force that is responsible for running countries like Iran, Sudan and Afghanistan. In Algeria, Egypt, Turkey, Lebanon, and Palestine they exists as the strong opposition force. Though its been observed that Islamists are not in majority but even if they consists of minority it’s a very active one. The countries where they have establishments they are very successful and they not only run their own territories but they also interfere in their neighborhood and participate in overall world politics. Its been feared that if they grow their powers they will be responsible for contraction of economic stability, women oppression world wide, human right violation, terrorism and arms race. The ideas presented by Islamists belonging to different countries differ in ideologies and they are very difficult to predict. All Muslims are all well aware that they were the superior military and cultural force in the world for centuries, and the reversed situation in the modern ages hurts the pride of Muslims. As many Muslim countries have tried to copy both the capitalist system, and others the socialist system, and all have seen little but marginal success, Islamists are working for re-establishing what the promote as a â€Å"third alternative†; a political system that they claim is similar to the one which once made unknown tribes grow into becoming lords of empires in a few decades. But in order to create such a society, the Islamists are not rejecting modern technology, and are very concerned about implement this on a grand scale in an Islamist society. And because of the technology, the Islamists believe that the coming Islamist society will be an even better society than the one of the Golden Age. (Islamism, 2008) Even if what Islamists are trying is to bring the Golden period of Muslims back they are overlooking the fact that being intolerant, conservative and violent is something that was even practiced by Muslim rulers of history who ruled the world. A liberal Islam that encourages peace and harmony has always been the pride of a Muslim. Islam in its fundamental teachings promotes tolerance and love. Islamists have originated from people having moderate background living in cities. Mostly youngsters have are its prime followers. They don’t consider themselves to be the revolutionaries rather they say they are bringing the lost values back to the culture and society. Islamism condemns the economic system that world follows and suggests the Islamic economic system where interest rates should be replaced by investments made on profit and loss basis. When it comes to women they have contradicting views leading from conservatives to liberal. Sometimes they encourage women to work outside and sometimes they advocate women taking care of their families as their prime concern. The Islamist ideology could in no way support democracy, dictatorship is what they profess. A leader is responsible for listening to people’s problems and solving them accordingly. The Islamists have started to adopt a violent approach towards addressing different issues and demands for almost last two decades and are considered responsible for many destructive activities killing thousands of people worldwide. Nowadays, Islamists have been feared as a long term threat as there are growing powers day by day with more and more young people joining their force.

Personal Narrative- Christmas Cookies Essay - 570 Words

Personal Narrative- Christmas Cookies Although I have grown up to be entirely inept at the art of cooking, as to make even the most wretched chef ridicule my sad baking attempts, my childhood would have indicated otherwise; I was always on the countertop next to my mother’s cooking bowl, adding and mixing ingredients that would doubtlessly create a delicious food. When I was younger, cooking came intrinsically with the holiday season, which made that time of year the prime occasion for me to unite with ounces and ounces of satin dark chocolate, various other messy and gooey ingredients, numerous cooking utensils, and the assistance of my mother to cook what would soon be an edible masterpiece. The most memorable of the holiday works of†¦show more content†¦After my face unclamped from that scrunched-up expression that comes inevitably after eating any food that is either too sour or too bitter, the intelligent child I was found that once the chocolate is mixed with two cups of sugar, the bitterness is all eviated into an addicting batter, which makes one smile instead of cringe. Once my mother finished with the â€Å"I told you so’s† concerning the unsweetened chocolate, I was able to mold the dough into cookies and roll it through a flurry of powdered sugar. This was probably my favorite part, because I could get creative with the shapes of the cookies, snowmen being my favorite. While making my snowmen, I came upon a dilemma; I thought about making a Santa Claus figurine out of my dough, but my mother was Jewish, so I wasn’t quite sure what man comes down the chimney on Hanukah. My father, being Catholic, had always talked about a plump guy with a rosy face that wriggled down the chimney at Christmas, but nobody had ever mentioned anything about chimneys and Hanukah. After voicing my predicament, my slightly senile and loopy grandmother, who was also in the room, cast a scornful look my way and boomed, â€Å"Santa Moses, of course!† I couldn’t picture what a SantaShow MoreRelatedNarrative Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesN arrative Essays: To Tell a Story There are four types of essays: Exposition - gives information about various topics to the reader. Description - describes in detail characteristics and traits. Argument - convinces the reader by demonstrating the truth or falsity of a topic. Narrative - tells a story, usually from one person’s viewpoint. 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Frankenstein essay 2 - 672 Words

Frankensteins Monster and Miltons Satan An Essay on Paradise Lost and Frankenstein By Chris Davidson Almost all great works of literature contain allusions to other great works of literature that enhance the meaning of the work. Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein is an excellent example of a major literary work that contains a sustained allusion to another major work. Frankenstein contains many references to Milton’s Paradise Lost, and the two stories are parallel in many aspects. In Shelly’s novel Frankenstein’s monster in often compared to Adam from Milton’s epic work. In fact, the monster himself tells Victor Frankenstein that he sees himself as being very similar to Adam. Like Adam, the monster was, in a sense, perfect at his†¦show more content†¦Rejection of one’s offspring is another theme in Shelly’s novel and is reinforced by comparing the monster to Satan because Satan was one of God’s heavenly children but was ultimately rejected by God. However, Satan and the monster differ in a key aspect: Satan fell with companions. The monster fell alone, and the monster himself brings this fact to the attention of both Victor and the reader, saying that his loneliness was the most loathsome part of his existence, reinforcing the theme that happiness lies in close companions who complete the person. The monster is also similar to Satan in that neither he nor Satan directly attacks his creator in retaliation. Rath er, they both attack those closest to their creators, inflicting more pain than any direct attack could. Satan attacks God’s beloved new creation, man, and the monster attacks Victor’s closest friends and family members. The pain caused by the attacks on these close companions again illustrates the romantic idea that close companions are essential to life and the peace of the individual. Allusions are also made that show that Frankenstein himself is also similar to Adam in Paradise Lost. 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Jackie Robinson Baseball Team - 2964 Words

After moving to Pasadena, Jackie attended all-african american elementary and middle schools along with his siblings and other minor children. After graduating from Washington Junior High School, he enrolled in John Muir High School. Once attending, his brothers Matthew and Frank helped inspire Jackie to pursue his interest and talent in sports. At Muir Tech, Jackie Robinson played as shortstop and catcher on the school’s baseball team as well as placing a spot in the Pomona baseball all-star team, played as the quarterback on the school football team, played as shooting guard on the basketball team, won awards in the broad jump while he was on the track and field squad, as well as lettered in all four of these sports. Also, in 1936,†¦show more content†¦He grew up in a hard life, with a single mother and 4 brothers all living in poverty, trying to get by. But, despite facing many barriers of poverty, racial discrimination, and prejudice, he became one of the best pla yers for the Brooklyn Dodgers, and broke the racial barriers in major league sports that had been upheld for over 50 years. By doing this, he opened doors for many who could not succeed before. Although he was not revered by all when he was alive, he became a civil rights figure and leader, and became a national hero to us all. Jack Roosevelt Robinson, born on January 31, 1919 in Cairo, Georgia, lived as the youngest of 5 siblings in a family of poor sharecroppers. Mallie Jackson, his mother, raised her five children alone in poverty after Jackie’s father left the picture in 1920, and moved the family to Pasadena, California. She took up many different jobs to try and support her large family by herself, so they would be able to live without many large issues. Jackie’s life as a young child was quite difficult because of his circumstances. Since he had no father to support him and his family, he grew up in a life without much support or many opportunities at all, and this is despite his race. Jackie, himself being african-american, was tormented by the effects of racial segregation and racism. The Jim Crow laws, as well as many other things including the relatively recent banishment of

Coursework on Alternative Financial Investments Free Essays

string(57) " there is no Capital Gains Tax on the eventual disposal\." Intoduction Alternative Investments We are all familiar with the usual suspects when it comes to investments with ISA’s Unit Trusts, OEICS, Capital Investment Bonds, Investment Trusts, National Savings and General Banking Products being the general fare when it comes to advising our clients. However whilst these products often can and do achieve the desired results there are many alternatives investments available that offer a wider choice and variety which can be used instead of or to complement mainstream products. Lets look at these alternatives and see what benefits they have and of course any drawbacks associated with them. We will write a custom essay sample on Coursework on Alternative Financial Investments or any similar topic only for you Order Now The AIM Market (Alternative Investment Market) â€Å"AIM is the most successful growth market in the world. Since its launch in 1995, over 3,000 companies from across the globe have chosen to join AIM. Powering the companies of tomorrow, AIM continues to help smaller and growing companies raise the capital they need for expansion† (www.londonstockexchange.com/companies-and-advisors/aim.htm 18/02/2011). Aim is the international market for growing companies trading on the London Stock Exchange. Businesses you will find range from new venture capital-backed companies to well established, mature organisations looking to expand into a wider market. Created in 1995 by the London Stock Exchange principally to offer a diverse range of smaller companies the opportunity to sensibly raise capital in a regulated market, hence AIM has developed into a highly flexible public market easily accessible to both investor and company. Aim companies come from 37 sectors, 90 sub-sectors and 26 countries. It has over 250 companies from outside the United Kingdom, with many more joining every year, which is testament to the viability of the AIM market as a place fro the younger international companies wishing to fund expansion and raise their global profile. Aim is an exchange Regulated Market and enjoys a reputation for effective regulation: it offers a secure yet flexible trading environment for both companies and investors. Aim is wholly owned and run by the London Stock Exchange and has three investment indices – the FTSE AIM UK50, FTSE AIM 100 and the FTSE AIM ALL-SHARE Supersector Indices Investors wishing to buy or sell shares in AIM stocks will deal through a stockbroker in a traditional way. However, whilst dealing in the shares in an execution-only basis may be relatively straightforward; those investors who want advice may have to be more selective. There are some brokers with specialist knowledge of AIM stocks and which spend a considerable amount of time researching the AIM market. It clearly makes sense for investors to deal via such brokers so as to take advantage of there expertise. Due to the tax breaks which are currently available, many brokers run specialist portfolios which have been set up with the intention of mitigating Inheritance Tax. (IHT). The shares after being held for at least two years qualify for Business Property Relief and therefore as long as they are held until death after the two year period will be fully exempt from IHT. If the purchaser is married or in a civil partnership and they die prior to the two year period, the shares may be transferred to the spouse or civil partner so that they may retain the shares until their own death so that the two year requirement may be exceeded. Capital Gains Tax (CGT) is payable in respect of sales of AIM stocks and any losses can be set off against losses in the usual way. â€Å"The AIM market should be regarded as higher risk as AIM market shares tend to be relatively illiquid and therefore may be difficult to sell or obtain reliable information as to the value and the risks to which the shares are exposed. A company on AIM can elect to revert to private status, in which case the shares may become impossible to trade or value and the protections offered by AIM will cease to apply† (www.rensburg4ifas.co,uk/ Iht for Ifas v 3.2-07/10 7323) â€Å"Every AIM company is supported, advised and monitored by its own Nominated Adviser (NOMAD). Firms that wish to act as Nomads must undergo stringent checks before they can be authorised to become a London Stock Exchange-approved Nomad for AIM. These Checks ensure the suitability both of Nomads and of the companies they assist to operate as part of AIM, bringing investors increased certainty and security† (http:///www.aimslisting.co.ukindex.php/page/The-Aim-Market 25/02/2011). Venture Capital Trusts â€Å"The Venture Capital Trust scheme started on 6th April 1995. It is designed to encourage individuals to invest directly in a range of small higher-risk trading companies whose shares and securities are not listed on a recognised stock exchange, by investing through Venture Capital Trusts (VCTs). So, if you invest in a VCT, you spread the investment risk over a number of companies† (www.hmrc.gov.uk/guidance/vct.htm 18/02/2011). VCT’s have to be approved by HMRC and once given offers a unique tax break, in that as long as you hold ordinary shares for at least 5 years from the date of purchase 30% income tax relief is payable, therefore a ?200,000 investment held for 5 years, if it had not grown or fallen in value would be valued at ?260,000. In addition there is no liability to Capital Gains Tax on disposal. The benefits to individuals investing in a Venture Capital Trust include not only the opportunity to participate in the growth the unquoted investment portfolio but also to enjoy the valuable tax benefits on an investment of up to ?200,000 in each tax year. This type of investment should be seen as medium to long term and the capital value is not guaranteed. Enterprise Investment Scheme The Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) is designed to help smaller higher-risk trading companies to raise finance by offering a range of tax reliefs to investors who purchase shares in those companies. The EIS is a concession by HMRC whereby an investor can invest between ?500 and ?500,000 in an EIS company in a single tax year and claim the income tax relief at 20%. Furthermore, providing the shares are held for 3 years, then there is no Capital Gains Tax on the eventual disposal. You read "Coursework on Alternative Financial Investments" in category "Essay examples" â€Å"All shares must be paid up in full, in cash, when they are issued. They must be â€Å"full risk† ordinary shares, with no preferential rights to dividends, or to the companies assets in the event of winding up. There must also be no arrangements to protect the investor from the normal risks associated with investing in shares and no arrangements for the shares to be purchased by anyone else after the end of the relevant period† (www.hmrc.gov.uk/guidance/eis.htm 02/02/2011) Investment can be directly into the company or through an EIS Fund. If you invest through an EIS fund, the fund manager will invest on your behalf in a number of qualifying companies. You are still the owner of the shares. Hedge Funds Hedge funds are collective investments that aim to make money whether the market is moving up, down or sideways. Unlike Unit Trusts, Oeics or Investment Trusts, which tend to only grow when shares rise, hedge funds can make money when share prices are falling.They do this using a range of complicated specialist techniques. The most commonly used is going long or short on a share. Most private investors simply go long on a share, buying in the hope that the price will rise.Where an investor goes short, they believe that the equity will fall in value. There are two main ways a hedge fund can do this. The first is by â€Å"shorting† the stock, where the investor â€Å"borrows† a stock to sell it, with the hope that it will decrease in value so they can buy it back at a lower price and keep the difference. For example, if an investor borrows 500 shares of X company at ?10 each, they would then sell those shares for ?5,000. If the price falls to ?8 per share, the investor would buy the shares back for ?4,000, return them to the original owner and make a profit of ?1,000. These funds now reportedly manage over ?750bn of clients’ money and their highly-paid managers can achieve remarkable returns.Hedge funds are not restricted to equities, they will invest in anything that will make a profit, including Foreign currency, Bonds, or Commodities. The return achieved by the fund is likely to be dependent on the skill of the manager rather than the underlying economic conditions and that is why they are so highly paid.At the moment Hedge funds are only available to high wealth individuals who are prepared to invest around ?500,000, or to professional investors, such as Pension Funds or Insurance Companies.If individual investors want exposure to hedge funds, they can purchase shares in the companies that operate the funds.Hedge Funds are regarded as high risk investments as many funds are â€Å"leveraged† which means they borrow money to add to their fund rather than just using investor capital.Because the funds use Derivatives, where they bet against the future value of an asset, rather than purchasing the asset directly, the funds are effectively borrowing money.The result is that gains and losses are magnified, with some making huge profits, but if things go wrong the fund can go bust. The majority of Hedge Funds are domiciled offshore for tax reasons, but the UK based managers are fully regulated by the Financial Services Authority. (FSA).However the FSA does not regulate the funds themselves and if a fund goes bust, investors do not have any recourse to compensation. Commodities â€Å"A physical substance, such as food, grains, metals, which is interchangeable with another product of the same type and which investors will buy or sell usually through futures contracts† (http://www.londonstockexchange.com/focus-on/018-commodities. 07/03/2011) The Commodity Markets are markets were raw or primary products are exchanged. They are traded on regulated commodity exchanges, in which they are bought and sold in standardised contracts. Commodities investing is volatile, promising big gains and capable of big losses. But this volatility can work in your favour in a broad investment portfolio, where a small amount of commodities can offset risks associated with stocks, bonds and cash. Commodities can be an excellent way to diversify your portfolio, especially if you believe that stocks are heading downwards for the next few years. The Commodities traded include: Agricultural Corn, wheat, oats. Livestock and Meat Cattle, Pigs Energy Crude oil, natural gas, heating oil. Precious Metals Gold, platinum,palladium. Industrial Metals Copper, zinc aluminium. Trading is normally via Futures Contracts, which is basically an agreement to buy now, pay and deliver later. In essence, a futures contract is a standardised forward contract in which the buyer and the seller accept the terms in regards to the product, grade , quantity and location and are only free to negotiate the price. Commodities are regulated and authorised by the FSA in the UK and Investing in commodities is normally done through a stockbroker or a commodities broker. Property Property can be a very attractive asset to include in any investment portfolio – especially as it often performs well when stock markets are going through an unstable period. Over the long term, property has been proven to outperform most sectors, so it might be a good bet even when share or bond prices fall. Of course, property markets can still be volatile, as shown by recent events. However, the best property funds will spread their exposure across many property areas. For example a property fund could give you access to the commercial property sector as well. This may include retail premises, office space and warehousing. Property funds remain one of the most practical ways to gain exposure to the property sector, some invest in actual bricks and mortar, while other funds may include shares in property companies or property securities know as real estate investments trusts. (REITS). Investments in funds of this nature are subject to specific risks arising from investment in REITs and property related securities and investors should ensure that they full understand these. REITS A REIT is a company that owns and manages property on behalf of shareholders. A Reit can contain commercial and/or residential property. REITs provide a way for investors to access property assets without having to buy property directly in the UK REITs can apply for â€Å"UK-REIT† status, which exempts the company from corporation tax. It is an investment through buying shares in a listed property company that has elected for REIT status and operates in accordance with REIT regulations. The REIT regulations are intended to ensure the company is primarily engaged in property investment, rather than in development or other non property related activities. Most UK REITs focus on the UK, though a few have European investments. Investor Benefits REITs can be very tax efficient, as the property company pays no corporation or capital gains tax on the profits made from the property investment. As a condition of these tax breaks REITs must pass 90% of their taxable income through to shareholders. As the real estate appreciates in value, the REIT becomes more valuable and the share price may rise. REITs can also offer predictable income streams because of long term lease agreements. Also as REITs trade like stocks, you can get into and out of them with ease. Risks of REITS However as stated earlier there are risks associated with REITs and investors need to approach them with these in mind. Most REITs focus on particular types of commercial development, such as apartments or office buildings. This concentration leaves them vulnerable to a downturn in this particular sector. Investors should examine where the REITs projects are located. A high concentration of development in one community or geographic region may leave it vulnerable to a downturn in that area’s economy. Better to invest in more than one REIT and choose different property sectors, also make sure that they are in different geographic locations. As stated earlier REITS are traded like stock on the major markets and can be purchased via a stockbroker in the normal manner. Fine Art Fine art offers the opportunity for portfolio diversification into an area that has historically provided high returns. Quality works of art have proved to be a remarkable store of value. This is predominantly due to increasing rarity caused by an expanding demand from museums and collectors and dwindling supplies. Art has evolved considerably over the last decade or so. Now building up a portfolio of works of art is not the only way to invest. Dedicated funds have been launched and there are investment advisers specifically geared to help investors with little or no experience of the art market. Far from just being a hedge against inflation art investment is now just one of range of alternative investments that can be used to diversify portfolios. Investing in ART can be done in the traditional manner via Art Dealers or now through an increasing number of specialist fund managers were the funds are structured like private equity investments and investor commitments are drawn down over a period of time to facilitate purchases. Due to the nature of Art works and how they appreciate in value over time they should be seen as a buy and hold investment rather than a buy and sell one. Fine Wine â€Å" What makes fine wine such a good investment is that production of the world’s top vintages are strictly controlled. As supply of the very best wines dries up, the prices of the very best vintages invariably rocket† (http://capitalvintners-px.rtrk.co.uk 14/03/2011) Investing in fine wine is an attractive proposition for many investors, who wish to diversify their investment portfolio. As wine matures, more bottles are consumed and like all things rare and desirable, its valuation will rise. Demand has increase enormously over the past decades,resulting in some extremely good returns. Wine is also an easily transferable asset, as there is an established fine wine market and a thriving auction market. There are no limits to wine investing, however the current prices of top wines are such that one should start investing with at least %,000 to ?10,000. It should be remembered that investment in wine is a long term investment and experience suggests that a minimum five year term would be a reasonable benchmark. Although Fund Managers are beginning to take a keen interest in this market, with wine investment funds now readily available, care should be taken as their investment charges will inevitably eat into any gains made and also they may not have the in-depth knowledge of Fine Wines that a reputable broker has. Perhaps best to use a reputable broker, who will ascertain the exact nature of the fine wine holding you require, taking into account your dealing range, liquidity needs and risk/return requirements. The broker will then obtain on your behalf, the fine wine most suitable for you, either from their suppliers or from their own extensive stock holding. The broker will also organise safe storage and insurance for your wine. It is critical wine is stored and cared for in the correct manner and in order to maintain the very high quality of the product and ensure its longevity, fine wine must be stored in a controlled environment and again reputable brokers will have this facility. Once this has been done you will receive written confirmation of your holding from your broker. Your broker will also attend to your needs for the duration of your holding and will keep you aware of developments in the markets on a monthly basis. When the time comes to sell your holding, your broker will organise this on your behalf. Again it should be remembered that as with all investments returns are not guaranteed and you could incur substantial losses, if the market for Fine Wine falls into decline. Short Answer Questions Question 1. The disadvantages of repaying debts by encashing investments are: Lack of liquidity. No guarantee that you would subsequently save the new found disposable income. No longer have the expertise of the fund managers or the investment asset mix. Less time for subsequent investments to build up. Any new investments would have fresh set-up charges therefore reducing the potential returns May lose valuable tax relief on existing investments that cannot be re-used. Interest rates on debts may be lower than your investment returns. May need to borrow again in the future at higher interest rates and or a shorter repayment term, costing more. May be unable to borrow in future years due lower income or credit crunch. Question 2 Interest Yield: Divide Annual Income by Current Market Price. 7% divided by ?132 x 100 = 5.30. Gross Redemption Yield: Current Price ?132 Minus the Nominal Value ?100 and divide by remaining 3 years to run. Divide this figure by current price and then add to Interest Yield. ?132 – ?100 = ?32 divided by 3 = 10.66 divided by ?132 = 0.08 add to Interest Yield = 5.30 + 0.08 = 5.38. Question 3 Benefits Guaranteed 100% secure: total capital invested is returnable Any winnings are tax free Partial withdrawals from initial investment allowed No regular investment required No fixed investment term. Automatically eligible for monthly prize draw Can win valuable cash prizes Drawbacks Investment is subject to decrease in value due to inflation Savings in interest earning accounts may earn more Chances of winning a larger cash prize are slim No guarantee of a win Minimum and maximum investment required Chances of winning a larger cash prize are slim Money is not instantly accessible Bibliography Websites HMRC Venture Capital Trust. www.hmrc.gov.uk/guidance/vct.htm 18/02/2011 This website provides commanding and very valuable information for advisers and the general public. This proved to be an extremely relevant site for my research, as the site lists all articles produced on specific tax areas and also includes historical information for research thereby providing a one stop shop for all tax related enquiries. The reference to Venture Capital Trusts allowed me to give a factual overview of the investment and also to explain the tax relief available to this type of investment. http:///www.aimslisting.co.ukindex.php/page/The-Aim-Market 25/02/2011. www.hughespartnership.co.uk/enterprise investment scheme 01/03/2011. www.thisismoney.co.uk/investing/article.html 02/03/2011 This is an excellent financial website and helps advisers keep up to date with what’s going on in the world markets. It has a reputation for accuracy and has a specialist team of financial journalists, whose aims are to ensure that readers are accurately informed in financial matters. This makes it a very relevant site for my research as there are regular articles on all aspects of investments including alternative investments and what they have to offer. Its journalists write in a straightforward and understandable manner, which makes it easy to digest what can sometimes be very complicated subject matters. http://www.myifslearning.com 06/03//2011 The ifs School of Finance is a registered charity incorporated by Royal Charter and provides the financial services industry with a skilled and competent workforce. They have been providing financial education for the past 130 years. The website is very informative and provides students with a wealth of information, tailored to helping them progress. An on-line knowledge bank library to assist with studies and understanding is available at the click of a button. In addition the in-house magazine, Financial World, has features, comments and reviews on financial matters relevant to the financial services sector, which enables advisers to constantly keep up to date on financial services matters. www.rensburgsheppards.co.uk/discretionary management solutions 04/03/2011 http://stocks.about.com/od/advancedtrading/a/REIT 07/03/2011 www.ftmandate.com/theartofalternativeinvestment.html 10/13/2011 www.moneyweek.com/investing-in-wine 14/03/2011 http://www.bbr.com/fine-wine/how-to-invest 14/03/2011 Textbooks IFS School of Finance. Financial Planning Principles (2009) Taxbriefs Life Assurance Pension Handbook. 2009/10 Taxbriefs Tax Guide 2009/10 Journals. Financial Adviser, published weekly. Money Week, published weekly. How to cite Coursework on Alternative Financial Investments, Essay examples